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Rattans are prickly climbing palm which comprise more than fifty percent of the total palm taxa found in India. This non-timber forest product has great economic importance in handicraft and furniture making because of its richness in fiber, with suitable toughness and easy for processing. The rattan resources have depleted very fast in recent years due to over exploitations, uncontrolled harvesting and deforestation. High demand for these resources has led towards the exhaustion in many rattan-producing areas. C. nambariensis is a high-quality cane, considered as endemic and threatened to the North-eastern region of India. Subsequently this species of cane has been depleting very fast due to several human impacts such as habitat fragmentation and over-exploitation which hinder the sufficient development of the plant in its natural condition. So, it is urgently needed to find out the habitat distribution and population status of C. nambariensis for making strategy to improve its conservation status. The present study reveals the occurrence of C. nambariensis only in two pockets of Assam viz, Nambor Reserve Forest of Golaghat district and Gibbon Wildlife Sanctuary of Jorhat district, Assam (India). The density, frequency and abundance of this species in Nambor Reserve Forest for last three years were found to decline as 1.038, 83.75, 1.23; 0.888, 78.75, 1.122 and 0.8, 76.25, 1.057 respectively. This declining rate depicts the near extinction of the species.

Distribution and population dynamics of Calamus nambariensis Becc. - An endemic and threatened cane of Assam