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We have studied the possible relationship between the immunohistochemical expression of p16 INK4a and the maximum standardized uptake value (SUV max) of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (F-18 FDG- PET) in 49 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Immunohistochemical negativity of p16 INK4a was verified in 71.4 % of the patients, higher in squamous cell carcinomas than in adenocarcinomas (p: 0.033). The SUV max corre- lates with negativity for p16 INK4a (p: 0.042) and was higher (p: 0.024) in cases with p16 INK4a -negative (17.3 ± 8.3) than in cases with p16 INK4a -positive (12.7 ± 5.2). We can conclude that inactivation of the p16 INK4a gene is very frequent in NSCLC, with higher values in squamous cell carcinomas. SUV max correlated positively and statistically with negativity for p16 INK4a , which could explain why higher estimates of SUV max are found in squamous cell carcinomas when com- pared to adenocarcinomas. Only the clinical stage was found to be an independent prognostic value after multivariate analysis.

Maximum Standardized Uptake Value of F-18 FDG-PET Inversely Correlated with Immunoexpression of p16INK4a in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer