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Electrochemical nanometer-scale patterning of the surface of a conducting lithium manganese oxide (LiMn{sub 2}O{sub 4}) by scanning probe microscopy (SPM) was studied. The ability to produce nanometer-size patterns of chemically modified oxide or nanometer-sized alterations of the oxide morphology is demonstrated and discussed with reference to possible mechanisms. It is demonstrated that unlike the SPM-based surface oxidation of metals and semiconductors, the LiMn{sub 2}O{sub 4} surface is altered via electrochemically generated species. We show that a localized surface chemical change can be confined to a depth which depends on the oxide-tip voltage difference and ambient humidity. In situ Raman microscopy measurements of localized electrochemical reaction products suggest complex mechanisms of processes induced at the LiMn{sub 2}O{sub 4} surface, such as delithiation through Li-proton exchange and disproportionation of LiMn{sub 2}O{sub 4} to MnO{sub 2} and soluble Mn{sup 2+} species

Nanometer-scale electrochemical patterning of LiMn2O4 surfaces by an atomic force microscope operating in air