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Radioactive krypton-85 is used as a tracer to detect pinhole failures in GCFR cladding. High-purity helium (99.99% pure) that contains 0.3 ppm krypton-85 is used to pressurize the tubular test specimens, and a Geiger-Mueller counter is used to detect the krypton-85 in the helium environmental gas as it leaves the test chamber. Under the least favorable conditions of temperature and specimen pressure, it is estimated that the smallest pinhole failure that could be detected within 60 sec would have an orifice diameter of 0.0102 cm. Using lead shielding around the Geiger-Muller counter to reduce background radiation, the electronics associated with the krypton-85 detector will terminate a biaxial creep test at krypton-85 activity levels above 20 counts/minute.

Use of krypton-85 for the detection of pinhole failures in GCFR cladding