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Surface and subsurface contamination of soils by heavy metals, including Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn, and Cd has become an area of concern for many industrial and government organizations. Conventional sampling and analysis techniques for soil provide a high degree of sensitivity and selectivity for individual analytes. However, obtaining a representative sampling and analysis from a particular site using conventional techniques is time-consuming and costly. Additionally, conventional methods are difficult to implement in the field for in situ and/or real-time applications. Therefore, there is a need for characterization and monitoring techniques for heavy metals in soils which allow cost-effective, rapid, in situ measurements. Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has been used to successfully measure metals content in a variety of matrices including soil. Science and Engineering Associates (SEA) is developing a subsurface cone penetrometer (CPT) probe for heavy metal detection that employs LIBS. The LIBS/CPT unit is to be applied to in situ, real-time sampling and analysis of heavy metals in soil. The overall objectives of this project are to evaluate potential calibration techniques for the LIBS/CPT instrument and to provide a preliminary evaluation of the LIBS instrument calibration using samples obtained from the field

EM Task 13 -- Cone penetrometer for subsurface heavy metals detection. Semi-annual report, April 1--September 30, 1997