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A study was performed to determine which of two mixing models (CORMIX1 or UM/PLUMES) was more appropriate for simulating the vertically downward discharge of negatively buoyant produced waters into a stratified ambient having a crossflow in Gulf of Mexico waters. For deep waters without impingement on the seafloor or gravitational collapse of the plume, UM/PLUMES is recommended because of its Lagrangian solution to the governing equations of mass, momentum, and energy. CORMIXI is recommended if the plume interacts with the seafloor or if the plume undergoes gravitational collapse, although its results may be overly conservative at the edge of the mixing zone. These overly conservative results can be corrected by employing a post-processing technique developed by Limno-Tech, Inc. and Wright. Because neither model was specifically designed to simulate the entire discharge scenario, additional work is recommended. This work includes laboratory and field studies to generate additional validation data, and code modifications to enhance the capabilities of the models and reduce uncertainty in the predicted jet behavior and potential errors in post processing model results

An evaluation of dilution models for the discharge of produced water into the Gulf of Mexico