English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Zendy Plus

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Zendy Tools

Zendy Open

A s t udy was conducted t o de te rmine t h e e f f e c t of t h e F a s t Flux T e s t F a c i l i t y main h e a t t r a n s p o r t c o n t r o l system on t h e p l a n t behav io r . A h igh-speed s i m u l a t i o n of t h e f a c i l i t y was used i n t h e s t u d y . The s t udy was conducted t o g a t h e r d a t a concern ing p l a n t s t a b i l i t y , c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s of s e v e r a l c o n t r o l c o n f i g u r a t i o n s and e f f e c t s of v a r i o u s o p e r a t i n g cond i t i o n s . T r a n s i e n t r esponses and f requency a n a l y s i s were used t o de te rmine t h e c o n t r o l l e d p l a n t behav io r . This r e p o r t p r e s e n t s t h e d a t a ga the r ed and draws some conc lu s ions on t h e b a s i s of t h e d a t a . T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S LIST OF FIGURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v i i LIST OF TABLES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i x INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 CONCLUSIONS AND SUMMARY OF RESULTS . . . . . . . . 3 PERFORMANCE MEASURES . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 THE MODEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 CONTROLLER CONFIGURATION EFFECTS . . . . . . . . 1 2 OPERATING CONDITION EFFECTS . . . . . . . . . . 53 P o w e r L e v e l E f f e c t s . . . . . . . . . . . 5 5 P r i m a r y Sodium Flow R a t e E f f e c t s . . . . . . . 57 . . . . . . S e c o n d a r y Sodium Flow R a t e E f f e c t s 59 A i r T e m p e r a t u r e E f f e c t s . . . . . . . . . . 6 2 TRENDS W1TI-I CONTROLLER SETTINGS . . . . . . . . 9 7 S e c o n d a r y Co ld Leg C o n t r o l l e r . . . . . . . . 97 P r i m a r y Cold Leg T e m p e r a t u r e C o n t r o l l e r . . . . . 100 P r i m a r y Hot Leg T e m p e r a t u r e C o n t r o l l e r . . . . . 108 APPENDIX A . THE SIMULATION . . . . . . . . . . A1 L I S T OF F I G U R E S Diagram Showing the Model Nodes and Components in One Heat Removal Circuit . . . . . . . . 9 Controller Configuration Number I . . . . . . 14 Controller Configuration Number I1 . . . . . 15 Controller Configuration Number I11 . . . . . 16 Controller Configuration Number IV . . . . . 17 Controller Configuration Number V . . . . . . 18 Controller Configuration Number VI . . . . . 19 Controller Configuration Number I Transients . . 27 Controller Configuration Number I1 Transients . . 31 Controller Configuration Number I11 Transients . 36 Controller Configuration Number IV Transients . . 41 Controller Configuration Number V Transients . . 46 Controller Configuration Number VI Transients . . 51 Primary Cold Leg Controller Open Loop Frequency Response . . . . . . . . . . . 63-73 Primary Hot Leg Temperature Controller Open Loop Frequency Response . . . . . . . 74-84 Controller Configuration Number I Transients . . 85-96 Secondary Cold Leg Temperature Controller Open Loop Frequency Response . . . . . . . 98 Graph Showing the Stability Limits for the Secondary Cold Leg Temperature Controller . . . 99 Contours of Constant Performance Index (IP) as a Function of the Secondary Cold Leg Temperature Controller Settings of Proportional Action (PI) and Derivitive Action (Dl). . . . . . . . . 100 Stability Limits for the Primary Cold Leg Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Contours of Constant IP for the Primary Cold Leg Temperature Controller with a 10' Setpoint Step Increase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 Contours of Constant IP for the Primary Cold Leg Temperature Controller with a Power Disturbance of 15 Megawatts Increase . . . . . . . . . 107 Contours of Constant IP for the Primary Hot Leg Temperature Controller with a 10' Step Increase in Setpoint . , . . . . . . . . . . . 108 Contours o f C o n s t a n t IP f o r t h e P r imary Hot Leg Tempera ture C o n t r o l l e r w i t h a 1 5 Megawatt I n c r e a s e Power D i s t u r b a n c e . . . . . . . . 111 . . . R e a c t o r Frequency Response C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s A-2 . . . . C o n t r o l Loop No . 2 Frequency Response A-3 . . . . C o n t r o l Loop No . 1 Frequency Response A-4 R e a c t o r Frequency Response C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s . A-5 . . . . IHX Frequency Response C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s A-6 I H X Frequency Response C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s . . . . A-7 IHX Frequency Response C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s . . . . A-8 IHX Frequency Response C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s . . . . A-9 DHX Frequency Response C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s . . . A-10 DHX Frequency Response C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s . A-11 DHX Frequency Response C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s . A-12 . . . . DHX Frequency Response C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s A-13 R e a c t o r K i n e t i c s . . . . . . . . . . . A-29 R e a c t o r K i n e t i c s . . . . . . . . . . . A-30 R e a c t o r Dynamics . . . . . . . . . . . A-31 R e a c t o r Dynamics . . . . . . . . . . A-32 IHX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-33 DHX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-34 Mixing Plenumx . . . . . . . . . . . . A-35 Flow C a l c u l a t i o n . . . . . . . . . . . A-36 C o n t r o l l e r s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-37 L I S T OF T A B L E S Controller Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Transient Peaks for Configurations I, 11, 111, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV, and V 2 2 . . . . Transient Peaks for Configurations I and VI 2 6 Operating Conditions with Controller Settings for 20% Overshoot to Setpoint Changes for . . . . . . . . . . . . . Configuration I 54 Transient Peaks Configuration I Varying Operating Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Controller Settings to Show the Effect of Primary Flow Changes . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Controlled Settings to Show the Effect of Secondary Flow Changes . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Transient Peaks Arranged to Emphasize . . . . . . . . . . . Effect of Flow Changes 61 P R E L I M I N A R Y A N A L Y S E S FOR F F T F H E A T T R A N S P O R T CONTROL S Y S T E M S R . A . H a r v e y and S . A . H u n t I N T R O D U C T I O N A s t u d y o f c o n t r o l sys t ems f o r t h e F a s t F lux T e s t F a c i l i t y h e a t t r a n s p o r t sys t em was s t a r t e d i n o r d e r t o deve lop a capab i l i t y f o r a u d i t i n g c o n t r o l sys t em d e s i g n s , deve lop i n f o r m a t i o n u s e f u l f o r s a f e t y c o n s i d e r a t i o n s , and deve lop i n f o r m a t i o n u s e f u l d u r i n g t h e o p e r a t i o n a l p h a s e o f t h e f a c i l i t y . A l s o , some o f t h e i n f o r m a t i o n should b e u s e f u l i n making d e s i g n d e c i s i o n s f o r t h e f a c i l i t y . The F a s t F lux T e s t F a c i l i t y (FFTF) i s b e i n g d e s i g n e d f o r t h e Atomic Energy Commission's L i q u i d Meta l F a s t Breede r R e a c t o r Program, a program aimed a t d e v e l o p i n g e f f i c i e n t e n e r g y s o u r c e s f o r t h e g e n e r a t i o n o f e l e c t r i c power. The FFTF i s b e i n g d e s i g n e d w i t h a 4 0 0 MW sodium-cooled r e a c t o r c a p a b l e o f p r o v i d i n g a s u i t a b l e envi ronment f o r t e s t s on r e a c t o r m a t e r i a l s and f u e l s . The h e a t t r a n s p o r t sys t em has t h r e e h e a t removal c i r c u i t s , e a c h w i t h a p r i m a r y sodium c o o l e d l o o p t h a t s u p p l i e s h e a t t o a secondary sodium c o o l a n t l o o p th rough an i n t e r m e d i a t e h e a t exchanger . The h e a t i s removed from e a c h secondary l o o p th rough a number o f s o d i u m t o a i r h e a t exchanger s . The r e s u l t s i n t h i s r e p o r t a r e from a s t u d y o f c o n t r o l sys t ems f o r t h e h e a t t r a n s p o r t sys t em. The s t u d y was made w i t h a h i g h s p e e d h y b r i d computer model of t h e h e a t t r a n s p o r t s y s tem u s i n g an AD-4 a n a l o g computer and a PDP-9 d i g i t a l computer . The s t u d y i n c l u d e d t h r e e p h a s e s a s f o l l o w s : Comparison o f t h e dynamic r e s p o n s e s t o d i s t u r b a n c e s f o r t h e f o l l o w i n g s i x c o n t r o l c o n f i g u r a t i o n s : Configuration Controlled Manipulated Number Variables Variables I (Figure 2) 2: Pri. Cold Leg Sodium Temp Air Flow 3. Pri. Hot Leg Sodium Temp Pri. Flow I1 (Figure 3) 1. Sec. Cold Leg Sodium Temp Air Flow 2. Pri. Cold Leg Sodium Temp Setpoint of 1 3. Pri. Hot Leg Sodium Temp Pri. Flow I11 (Figure 4) 1. Sec. Cold Leg Sodium Temp Air Flow 2. Pri. Cold Leg Sodium Temp Setpoint of 1 5. Reac. Sodium Temp Rise Pri. Flow IV (Figure 5) 1. Sec. Cold Leg Sodium Temp Air Flow 4. Reac. Avg. Sodium Temp Setpoint of 1 5. Reac. Sodium Temp Rise Pri. Flow V (Figure 6) 1. Sec. Cold Leg Sodium Temp Air Flow 2. Pri. Cold Leg Sodium Temp Sec. Flow 3. Pri. Hot Leg Sodium Temp Pri. Flow VI (Figure 7) 2. Pri. Cold Leg Sodium Temp Air Flow 3. Pri. Hot Leg Sodium Temp Reactivity Comparison of the dynamic responses to disturbances for a single control configuration for various different operating condition assumptions for: Power Level (full, 2/3, and 1/3) Primary flow (full, 2/3, and 1/3) Secondary flow (full, 2/3, and 1/3) Air temperature (100 OF, 32 OF, and -25 OF). Investigation of trends associated with controller adjustments for a single control configuration. The purpose of this report is to present the results of the FFTF control systems study along with recommendations relevant to the control system performance. The report includes a summary of results with recommendations; a discussion which includes a description of the performance measures, the model, * The numbers a r e c o n t r o Z Z e r numbers a s s i g n e d a c c o r d i n g t o t h e c o n t r o l Z e d v a r i a b l e s and a r e c o n s i s t e n t l y used t h r o u g h o u t t h e r e p o r t . control configuration effects, operating condition effects, and controller adjustment effects; and an appendix that describes the model in detail. C O N C L U S I O N S A N D S U M M A R Y O F R E S U L T S Six different control system configurations, shown in Figures 2 through 7 (pages 14-19), were analyzed for performance in red

PRELIMINARY ANALYSES FOR FFTF HEAT TRANSPORT CONTROL SYSTEMS.