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The purpose of this report is to motivate and outline a program of data analysis, for data obtained from radar returns from ocean surfaces perturbed by internal waves and wind-wave interactions. The ultimate aims of this analysis are to provide the appropriate statistics of the signals returned from these ocean surfaces for: (1) use in implementing and evaluating optimum and near-optimum signal processing procedures for detecting and evaluating (i.e., measuring) these internal wave effects and, (2) to provide quantitative physical insight into both the surface scatter and subsurface mechanisms which determine the received radar signals. Here the focus is initially on the needed statistics of the radar returns. These are primarily: (i) the (instantaneous) amplitude and envelope probability densities, (pdf`s) and distributions (PDFS) of the returns and, (ii) analogous statistics for the intensities (associated with the pixel data). Also required are: (iii) space-time covariance data of the returns, for further improvement of detection capabilities. Preliminary evidence and earlier experiments suggest that these data [(i), (ii)] are nongaussian and strongly so at times. This in turn, if not properly taken into account, can greatly degrade signal detection in the usual weak-signal regimes [1],[2]

Threshold detection of radar signals off the sea surface in non-Gaussian clutter and deterministic interference: II - statistical analysis of ROI surface data