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The objective for this research is to optimize the design and operation of the bench scale batch reactor (STBR) for coat liquefaction at short contact times (0.01 to 10 minutes). This reactor is simple and low enough in cost to serve as a suitable replacement for the traditional tubing-bomb reactors for coal liquefaction and other high-pressure, high-temperature reaction studies. The details of the reactor system are shown in Figure 2. The heating bath used is a Techne IFB-52 industrial fluidized sand bath, which maintains a reaction temperature of {plus_minus}2{degrees}C. The 30 cm{sup 3} reactor is capable of containing up to 17 MPa (2500 psi) pressure at temperatures up to 550{degrees}C. The tubing used for preheater and precooler was 1/4in. 316 stainless steel with wall thickness of 0.035in. The lengths of the preheater and precooler are selected based on the particular process being studied. Since a gas (e.g. hydrogen or nitrogen) is bubbled through the reaction mixture under pressure and out through a letdown valve, a small water cooled condenser above the reactor before the let-down valve is added to avoid loss of solvent or other low boiling components. Coal liquefaction runs are made by preparing slurries of coal in reagentmore » grade tetralin. Various ratios of tetralin to coal are used, and in some cases, a catalyst such as Ni/Mo on alumina is added.« less

Short contact time direct coal liquefaction using a novel batch reactor. Progress report, September 27, 1993--December 31, 1993