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espanolEl objetivo del presente trabajo es caracterizar fisica, quimica y mineralogicamente bentonitas provenientes de yacimientos de las provincias argentinas de San Juan y Rio Negro. El trabajo se completa con ensayos tecnologicos de evaluacion de calidad de las muestras en estudio para determinar posibles usos y/o aplicaciones a nivel industrial. Se trabajo con cuatro muestras de bentonitas identificadas como M1, M3, M4 provenientes de la provincia de San Juan y M2 de la provincia de Rio Negro. La caracterizacion fisica de las muestras consistio en la determinacion de: hinchamiento, densidad, humedad, pH y peso especifico mediante la aplicacion de diferentes tecnicas. La caracterizacion quimica de los componentes mayoritarios se realizo por metodos convencionales de via humeda (ataques acidos). Mientras que los componentes minoritarios se analizaron mediante ICP. La caracterizacion mineralogica se realizo mediante el empleo de una espectrometria de infrarrojo. Los ensayos tecnologicos para la evaluacion de calidad de las bentonitas se realizaron siguiendo la metodologia indicada por las normas API y SEGEMAR, entre otras, para determinar posibles usos y/o aplicaciones principalmente en las industrias petrolera y ceramica. Se concluye que la bentonita M2 es apta para uso en lodos de perforacion por cumplir con los requerimientos especificados segun normas API. Por otro lado por sus caracteristicas fisico-quimicas y mineralo- gicas: baja reologia, hinchamiento y bajo contenido en hierro, entre otros, la bentonita M3 es la que tiene mejores aptitudes para la industria ceramica. EnglishThe aim of this research work is to characterize bentonites, both physically and chemically, as well as mineralogically, from deposits located in the Argentine provinces of San Juan and Rio Negro. The study is completed with technological assays to evaluate the quality of the samples under study so as to determine possible industrial uses and/or applications for this material. To carry out this work, four samples of bentonite, identified as M1, M3, and M4, from the province of San Juan, and another, identified as M2, from the province of Rio Negro were used. Physical characterization consisted of determining: swelling, density, moisture, pH and specific gravity of the bentonite samples through application of a number of techniques. Chemical characterization of major components was carried out by using wet methods through acid attack, whilst ICP was used to characterize minor components. Mineralogical characterization was carried out by using an infrared spectrometer. The technological assays for evaluating the quality of the bentonite were carried out following the method indicated by the API and SEGEMAR standards, among others, in order to determine possible uses and/or applications, mainly in the oil and ceramics industries It was found that the M2 bentonite is the most suitable to be used as a drilling mud as it meets the requirements specified by the API standards. The M3 bentonite, due to its physico-chemical characteristics such as low rheology, swelling, low iron content, amongst others, is the most suitable for the ceramics industry.

boletín geológico y minero/boletín geológico y minero

Caracterización y evaluación de la calidad de bentonitas provenientes de las provincias de San Juan y Río Negro (Argentina) para uso en industria petrolera y cerámica