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In the rat under urethane anesthesia, a fast intravenous injection of a bolus of sodium azide elicited a transient cornea-positive change in transocular potential (azide response). A bolus injection of sodium thiocyanate (NaSCN) produced a cornea-negative response (SCN- response) with a similar rising phase as the azide response, but with a faster return from the peak. The peak amplitude depended on bolus volume, concentration, animal strain, and age. For more than 24 h, the azide and SCN- responses could be recorded repeatedly from a single rat with little variation in peak amplitudes. Following an administration of iodate, known to degenerate the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), the transocular d.c. potential decreased; the azide response became smaller and then was inverted in polarity, whereas the SCN- response became larger. Azide and SCN- are assumed to depolarize and hyperpolarize the basal membrane of RPE, respectively. The equilibrium potential of ions passing through the putative azide-sensitive channels is assumed less negative than resting potential of RPE cells. The SCN- response probably represents a diffusion potential of SCN- permeating through anionic channels at a higher rate than Cl-. Results demonstrate the feasibility of in vivo electrophysiological measurement of the functional state and the structural integrity of RPE under pathological conditions.

Electrical Responses of the Rat's Retinal Pigment Epithelium to Azide and Thiocyanate.