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The acceleratory action of pilocarpine on the regeneration of visual purple was described by Kuhne and Ayres (1) and was confirmed by Dresser (2), Inatomi (3), and Amenomiya (4). Hosoya (5) extended Kuhne's work and reported that not only pilocarpine but also acetylcholine, arecoline and scopolamine have augmentative action on the regeneration of visual purple. But the mode of action of these drugs on the regeneration of visual purple was quite obscure. Since the excellent work of Morton and his co-workers (6) which defined retinene as vitamin A aldehyde, Morton et al. (7), Wald and Hubbard (8) and Bliss (9) explored the mechanism of the bleaching of retinene to vitamin A. At the same time they studied the regeneration of visual purple with retinal homogenate (10, 11) or visual purple solution (12). Due to these researches we can now presume the mode of action of these drugs on the regeneration of visual purple. There are two possibilities concerning the mode of action of these drugs. The first one is that these drugs augment the regeneration of visual purple directly; in other words, these drugs accelerate the action of retinene reductase or the action of pigment layer factor. The second one is that the action of these drugs is dependent on living process; in other words, the administration of these drugs induces some functional changes in the pigment layer which augment the regeneration of visual purple. If the latter is the case, there are two further possibilities. The first one is that the application of these drugs causes some physical changes, such as the increase of diffusion or permeability, in the pigment layer which facilitate delivery of the substances neccessary for regeneration from pigment layer to retina, and the second one is that some chemical changes, such as increase of secretion or so on, occur in the pigment layer after the injection of these drugs and such changes augment the regeneration. With these assumptions the mode of action of acetylcholine, arecoline, and pilocarpine was studied.

THE MODE OF ACTION OF ACETYLCHOLINE, ARECOLINE, AND PILOCARPINE ON THE REGENERATION OF VISUAL PURPLE