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The properties of carnosine (Car) and glycylglycine (Gly-Gly), transported across the mucosal border, were studied in isolated guinea pig everted ileum. The initial influxes of both dipeptides could be described by single Michaelis-Menten kinetics, having a nearly equal value of maximum influx. Mutual inhibition studies showed that the inhibition observed between Car and Gly-Gly was fully competitive, indicating that both Car and Gly-Gly share a common carrier. Although carrier-mediated influxes of the dipeptides were independent of Na+, the addition of the dipeptides into the mucosal solution evoked sudden and sustained increments of mucosal negativity. The changes in short-circuit current (delta Isc) evoked by the peptides increased as the Na+ concentration in the solution was increased, although both dipeptides evoked small increases in Isc, even in the absence of Na+. In spite of these common properties of transport and transport-related electrical phenomena, it was seen that the maximum change in transmural potential difference (delta PDt max) evoked by Car was about half that of Gly-Gly. Such a discrepancy between coincident Jmax values and values of delta PDt max suggests that the mechanism of induction of ionic flow is different for these two dipeptides.

The characteristics of carnosine transport and carnosine-induced electrical phenomena by the everted intestine of guinea pig.