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Objective We evaluated the relationships between the serum autotaxin (ATX) levels and the clinical and pathological parameters, as well as the long-term renal outcome, in type 2 diabetic patients with biopsy-proven diabetic nephropathy. Methods In this retrospective single-center cohort study, serum samples were collected from 38 Japanese type 2 diabetic patients with biopsy-proven diabetic nephropathy at the time of renal biopsy. The serum ATX levels were measured using a specific sandwich enzyme immunoassay. Results A multivariate linear regression analysis revealed the urinary protein excretion to be independently associated with the serum ATX levels. In addition, patients with serum ATX levels above the median showed more advanced diffuse lesions, nodular lesions and arteriolar hyalinosis compared to those with serum ATX levels below the median. However, high serum ATX levels were not associated with any increase in the number of renal composite events [a need for dialysis or a 50% decline in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) from baseline]. Conclusion The serum ATX levels in type 2 diabetic patients with diabetic nephropathy were associated with proteinuria and diabetic kidney lesions, although the serum ATX levels were not identified to be a predictive indicator for the renal outcome.

Serum Autotaxin Levels Are Associated with Proteinuria and Kidney Lesions in Japanese Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Biopsy-proven Diabetic Nephropathy