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This study was carried out to quantitatively and qualitatively investigate sources of water pollution in Pojuca river\udbasin, in order to define ameliorative interventions.\udThe basin of Pojuca river is located in Recôncavo Norte region, immediately northwards from Salvador da\udBahia, capital city of Bahia State (Brazil). River Pojuca is the main water body of the region and it represents a\udvery important potential source of water to be used for drinking purposes, in order to face the rapidly growing\udpopulation of Salvador da Bahia Metropolitan Area.\udAccording to previous studies, its quality did not meet the minimum standards set for surface water withdrawn\udfor potabilization treatment in 2000. In the present study, the most polluting activities have been identified as\udurban sewage discharges. Wastewater management coverage rate ranged between 30 and 90% in a high\udnumber of municipalities in the basin. Wastewaters were commonly discharged on the soil or into it (by\udmeans of septic and rudimental tanks) and also urban sewage systems, where existing, often did not convey\udwastewaters to treatment plants.\udPolluting loadswere estimated according to amethodology elaborated during the study. The estimationwas based\udon the data collected by the authors through field visits and the ones available in the federal databases (updated to\udyear 2007). It allowed to establish that diffuse loads were major than point loads: point discharges were quite rare,\udwhereas pipelines discharging in water bodies and infrastructures such as septic or rudimental tanks were widespread.\udTreatment plants and septic tanks presented small removal efficiencies of nutrients. This justified also the\udhigh organic and microbiological concentrations registered in the river as well as the high content of nutrients.\udWater quality could beimprovedin order tomeet standards for drinkingpurposes bybuilding newwastewater treatment\udplants or upgrading the existing ones. In particular, in urban areas dynamic systems for wastewater collection\udand treatment plants should be built, whereas in rural areas scattered households should be provided with septic\udtanks

Assessment of sanitary infrastructures and polluting loads in Pojuca river (Brazil)