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In this paper is an attempt, through the lens of visual-rhetoric, towards understanding the origin of the k?rtimukha in ancient Indian art, its iconographic evolution and how this motif functions symbolically at manifold levels- from the ontological (as an essential quality of art, as a negation of the material vulnerability of a religious object or monument, as metaphor for the infinite) to the contextual (to serve a particular myth) and the apotropaic- through a plain visualisation of horror. It is in this evolution of purpose, that it came to be associated with the grotesque.

The kirtimukha in ancient Indian art and how it came to be associated with the ‘grotesque’