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29 Abstract The loss and/or degradation of coastal marshes has had a dramatic impact on the conservation of several waterbird species worldwide. The Basque region is a hot spot for migrants entering Iberia via the East Atlantic flyway. Our aim was to describe the distribution of waterbirds and assess population trends of waterbirds that overwinter along this coast. To achieve these goals we used data from the annual winter survey for the period 1992-2013. The yellow-legged gull Larus michahellis Naumann, 1840 and the black-headed gull Chroicocephalus ridibundus (L., 1766) comprised ca. 80% of bird abundance. The waterbird assemblage wintering on these estuary areas consists, accordingly, of a relatively homogeneous community, dominated by gulls. This assemblage, moreover, is also small in terms of abundance, and from a peninsular standpoint its importance is low, although, locally, it is important. The assemblage was subdivided into two clusters: one was dominated by the yellow-legged gull, and the other one by the black-headed gull. Finally, most of the species had uncertain or stable population trends, with only five species showing positive population trends, and two having negative trends. Causes underlying such trends remain unidentified.

Distribution and population trends of waterbird species wintering in Basque estuaries (North of Spain): a 22-year study