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Much has been said on the need to practice aquaculture in a sustainable manner, preferably without jeopardizing the environment (Naylor, et al. 2000 and FAO 1997). As a result, best management practices for the aquaculture industry, considering environmental, economic and social sustainability, have been established (e.g. www.gaalliance.org/bap.html). Standards of some organizations for organic farming restrict stocking density and maximum pond biomass per unit surface area. For example, to produce organic shrimps, less than 15 postlarvae (PL) per square meter should be stocked with shrimp biomass always remaining below 800kg/ha (e.g. Naturland standards 2004; www.naturland.de/ englisch/n2/NL-Stand-Aquaculture_01-2005. pdf). These rules were mainly put forward to protect shrimp health and welfare, and to avoid the development of diseases. Naylor et al. (2000) stated that “intensification implies increasing the density of individuals, which requires greater use and management of inputs and greater generation of waste products”. Such rules or statements suggest that intensification will always lead to the production of more wastes or to a reduction of animal welfare, which should be avoided.

Sustainable Land-based Aquaculture: Rational Utilization of Water, Land and Feed Resources