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Twenty five isolates of IBV were isolated from 36 broiler, layer and breeder chicken farms collected from 13 governorates during 2 years started from January 2003. The viruses were isolated and identified previously by chicken embryo, CEK cell culture inoculation and now by RT-PCR applied on RNA of IBVs.. Four variants isolates of IBV were choised from the previous field isolates from three broiler farms and one from layer farm. All the examined farms were vaccinated using the commercial live IB-H 120 vaccine in addition to the IB-inactivated vaccine in the layer farm. Typing of the present isolates based on sequensing of a part of the S1 gene, revealed four IBVs could be aligned and matched with homology to Asia, Europe, USA and Middle East strains. Four groups of one- day-old SPF chicks were inoculated with the four variants IBV isolates at 1 day old to test the virulence of those isolates. The results at 2 weeks pi revealed that all isolates were able to induce serological resposne postinfection, respiratory distress and depression commenced at 24 hours postinfection. 20% and 100% mortality was recorded with isolates 4 and 23; respectively. Assessment of pathogenicity index and pathotyping (at the end of observation period "2wk-pi"), categorized to tested 4 isoaltes (4, 16,18, 23) into three isoaltes of high virulent (4, 18 and 23), and one isolate of intermediate virulent (16). About 50% reduction in body weight as recorded with the four IBV isolates 2 wk postinfection. Kidney lesions were grossly, nephritis-nephrosis with urate deposition in ureters, while microscopic lesions were increased the amount of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER). Tracheal lesions were grossly increased amount of mucin, while microscopic lesions were edema of mucosa and inflammatory cells in the lamina propria. (Journal of American Science 2010;6(9):71-93). (ISSN: 1545-1003).

The prevalence of Infectious Bronchitis (IB) outbreaks in some chicken farms: II. Molecular characterization of field isolates of IB virus