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The study was conducted during (2015/ 2016 and 2016/ 2017) at the farm of Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt on five wheat cultivars: Sahel 1, Seds 4, Gemaza 9, Giza 168, and Misr 2). To study the effects of phenolic contents (free and bound phenols), climatic factors (daily maximum (DMxT) and minimum temperatures (°C) (DMnT), soil maximum and minimum temperatures (°C) (SMxT and SMnT) at 5 cm depth, and the natural enemies (N. E.) on the population density of onion thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman and aphid species (Mayzus persicae Sulz., Brivecoryne brassicae Linnaeus, and Rhopalosiphum padi Linnaeus) infesting bread wheat cultivars under irrigation conditions, with references to the yields of wheat cultivars. The invasions started in February during the 1 season and in January for the 2 season on all of wheat cultivars. The invasions of thrips individuals were higher than aphids in almost of wheat cultivars during the two seasons of the study. In the 1 season, aphid’s populations showed three peaks on all cultivars in the 31 of March, 15 of April, and in the 30 of April. Meanwhile, thrips individuals registered two peaks: the 1 peak was in the 15 of March and the second were occurred in the 31 of March. Respect to the 2 season, aphids recorded three peaks in 15, 28 of February and 15 of March on all wheat cultivars and thrips recorded two peaks of fluctuations in the 28 and 15 of March. All of the considered factors were contributed together in forming the patterns of the population density (R) by 53.62, 60.44, and 71.65%; respectively for aphids, thrips and the grand total of pests during the two seasons of the study. In case of Aphids, (DMnT) was the highest participated factor in regulating the population (16.906 out of 53.62%), the free phenol contents showed that the only negative correlation and ranked the second efficient factor by (16.62 out of 53.62%), afterwards the third efficient factor was (DMxT) which shared with (11.073 out of 53.62%), and finally the natural enemies showed the least efficient factor by (0.026 out of 53.62%) on all wheat cultivars. The population for both thrips and grand total were mostly under controlled by the same factors, (DMnT) was the highest efficient factor (18.614 out of 60.48% and 24.525 out of 71.65%; respectively for thrips and the grand total of pests). Then, (N. E.) played the second role with (13.337 out of 60.44%) for thrips and (15.032 out of 71.65%) for the grand total. Afterwards, (DMnT) ranked the third factor (12.794 out of 60.44% and 14.800 out of 71.65%; respectively for thrips and the grand total of pests). The least efficient factor for thrips was (SMxT) which participated by (0.240 out of 60.44%) and for the grand total of pests were bound phenol contents (0.129 out of 71.65%). Top yields were gained from Giza 186 and Misr 2 (218.0, 213.4 and 207.3, 198.8 GY/10 plants; respectively during the 1 and 2 seasons. Afterwards, Gemeza 9 ranked the third cultivar in the 1 season (182.7 GY/10 plants) and Sahel 1 for the 2 season (192.8 GY/10 plants)

journal of plant protection and pathology /journal of plant protection and pathology

Efficiency of Phenolic Contents and some Field Factors on the Population Abundance of Aphid Species and Onion Thrips Infesting Bread Wheat Cultivars under Irrigation Conditions