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Partial resistance (PR) to stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici) in 12 Egyptian wheat cultivars was experimentally measured and characterized, using three epidemiological parameters; final rust severity (FRS %), area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) and rate of disease increase (r-value) at two locations, i.e. Sharkyia and Kafr El-Sheikh Governorates, during 2015/16 and 2016/17 growing seasons. All of these parameters found to be lower in the partially resistant (PR) cultivars; Sakha94, Sakha-95, Misr-1 and Misr-2, rather than those in the highly susceptible or fast-rusting cultivars; Sids-12 and Gemmeiza-11, as well as the check variety; Morocco, during the study. Each of the four partially resistant cultivars had the potentiality to decrease the amount of stripe rust infection, also retard the disease development, during an epidemic, in both years and under the two locations. Additionally, higher amounts of both 1000 kernel weight (g) and grain yield/plot (kg) were obtained from the partially resistant cultivars. More than 90% of the differences in a disease response of the tested cultivars against stripe rust were mainly due to it’s genetic structure. Where, the genetic make-up of the tested cultivars found to be relatively contributed by 97.59, 97.10 and 95.16% in 2015/16 and 97.43, 96.87 and 94.98% in 2016/17, to the expression of the aforementioned three epidemiological parameters, respectively. The expression of resistance was slightly affected by a very little change in environmental conditions between the two locations or from one year to another, as the relative contribution of the environment (locations) was very low (less than 5%). These results were ensured with the high estimates of heritability (%), during the two growing seasons of the study, which indicated that most of the phenotypic variation in these PR components were essentially due to a genetic structure (genetic make-up) of the tested cultivars. Also, the high heritability estimates of the studied parameters, clearly demonstrated that any of these parameters could be used as a good criterion for evaluating and selecting PR wheat genotypes, under field conditions. Correlation matrix gave evidence to the importance of these disease parameters, especially FRS (%), as it considered being a good and more reliable indicator for evaluation partial resistance (PR) of the tested wheat cultivars against stripe rust. Thus, partial resistance to stripe rust could be accurately measured, characterized, screened and selected equally well in different wheat genotypes under field conditions, using one or more of these convenient and more reliable epidemiological parameters; FRS%, AUDPC and rvalue.

Characterization of Partial Resistance to Stripe Rust (Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici) in some Egyptian Wheat Cultivars