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Developmental time and rate of immature stages, growth index, survival percentage, longevity, fecundity, and life table parameters of Nephus includens (Kirsch) were investigated when reared on the three mealybug species namely, Icerya purchasi, Icerya aegyptiaca, and Icerya seychellarum at 28 o C. There was no significant variation in the incubation periods for N. includens when the predator was reared on the three tested preys. ANOVA showed that there were no significant differences in 1 st , 2 nd , 3 rd , and 4 th instars larvae when the predator was reared on the three tested preys. The total developmental time of immature stages was 26.3, 25.9, and 28.2 days on the three tested preys, with significant differences. Growth index of N. includens was 2.8517, 2.9069, and 2.4823 on the three tested preys, respectively. Developmental rates of the total immature stages were 0.0380, 0.0388, and 0.0355 on the three tested preys, with no significant difference. Results indicated that the survival percentages of immature stages when reared on I. purchasi and I. aegyptiaca were higher than on I. seychellarum. There were no significant differences in pre-oviposition, oviposition, interoviposition, and total longevity periods among the three tested preys. Male longevity was 61.33, 63.83, and 53.17 days with no significant difference among the three tested preys. Fecundity of females was 94.17, 122.17, and 50.67 with significant differences among the three tested preys. The mean generation time (T) was 41.66, 43.94, and 48.22 days, respectively when reared on the three tested preys. The population of this predator could be doubled every 76.30, 8.80, and 127.60 days on I. purchasi, I. aegyptiaca, and I. seychellarum at 28 o C. The values of gross reproductive rate (GRR) were 69.82, 57.52, and 31.86. Ro was 44.03, 31.94 and 13.73 when reared on the three tested preys. The intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was 0.0091, 0.0788, and 0.0054 when reared on I. purchasi, I. aegyptiaca, and I. seychellarum at 28 o C. The finite rate of increase (λ) was 1.0951, 1.0820, and 1.0558 on the three tested preys. The survivorship (Lx) for female age intervals was 64.0, 68.0, and 58.0 on the three tested preys, respectively.

journal of plant protection and pathology /journal of plant protection and pathology

BIOLOGICAL ATTRIBUTES AND LIFE TABLE PARAMETERS OF Nephus includens (Kirsch) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) AS A NATURAL ENEMY OF MARGARODID MEALYBUGS IN EGYPT.