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The present investigation was designed to study combining ability and gene action for yield and yield components in flax under two plant distances. This was achieved via evaluating six parents; P1 (Sakha 1), P2 (Giza 7), P3 (S.2419/1), P4 (S.16), P5 (S.22), P6 (Sakha 3) and their 15 F1,s progenies under two distances (5 and 10 cm) between plants in a randomized complete block design with three replications at Sakha Res. Station at Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate during 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 growing seasons. The collected data indicated that the additive effects were more important than non-additive effects for eight characters under study, revealed that the inheritance of these traits were mainly controlled by additive effects of genes. On the other hand, nonadditive genetic effects were much more influenced by the two distances between plants than additive effects in number of basal branches, 1000-seed weight and number of seeds per capsule. In contrast, additive genetic effects were more influenced by distances between plants than non-additive effects for straw weight, seed weight and number of capsules per plant. P3 exhibited significantly positive GCA effects for straw weight, number of basal branches, seed weight, number of capsules per plant and 1000-seed weight. Therefore, using this parent in hybridization programs may result in isolating desirable segregates for these characters. For straw traits, two crosses involved high x high general combiner parents, one cross (P1xP2) for plant height and other cross (P2xP3) for technical stem length as well as P3xP6 (high x low general combiners) for straw weight per plant. For seed traits, two crosses, P4xP5 and P4xP6 exhibited high SCA effects for 1000-seed weight and included low x high general combiner parents. Therefore, it could be concluded that these crosses are suitable in breeding for increasing the above-mentioned traits.

DIALLEL CROSS ANALYSIS FOR STRAW, SEED YIELDS AND THEIR COMPONENTS IN FLAX