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: Agriculture is one of the most important elements of life, it is one of the basic sources through which man gets his own food, which ensures him to survive, and is widespread in many different geographical areas, and is known as a craft and art Man in his life, which leads to his needs of plant and animal production . Water resources are the determining factor for agricultural production, as agriculture cannot be carried out without it. The area that can be reclaimed from new lands, as well as the type and quantity of agricultural production, depends on the available amount of irrigation water. . The balance of water is the most important agricultural indicators to judge the existence of agricultural development or not through the analysis of its components, which are available resources according to their sources on the one hand, and water uses according to different purposes on the other hand, as the agricultural trade balance is an important economic indicators, which is one of the inputs output It is important to know the nature and development of its components represented in the value of agricultural exports and imports. Research problem: The problem of the study is summarized in the imbalance experienced by agricultural scales, whether the water balance or the trade balance, as it is expected that the water balance will suffer a deficit as a result of the construction of the Renaissance Dam and Mafia in the light of the continuous increase in water uses due to the increasing demand for water resources and the multiple uses. Continuous deficit as a result of the high value of agricultural imports than the value of agricultural exports, especially as Egypt is a net importer of food, and the seriousness of the subject after the liberalization of the exchange rate, which necessitates the study and analysis of these balances. The goal of the research: The main objective of the research is economic analysis of the most important agricultural balances in Egypt, by studying the following main points:1Economic analysis of the water balance and its components in Egypt. 2Economic analysis of the agricultural trade balance and its components in Egypt. Research Methods and Data Sources: The research was based on the descriptive statistical analysis method for each of the available water resources according to different sources, water uses according to different purposes in Egypt during the period (2006-2017), as well as descriptive analysis of the value of agricultural Metwaly, E. E. H. El. 414 exports and imports, and the agricultural trade balance in Egypt during the period (2017In addition, quantitative statistical method was used in the research to achieve its objectives by analyzing time series to estimate the time trends, the annual rates of change of the water balance and the agricultural trade balance and their components in Egypt, and some physical relations between them and their components. B) Some statistical metrics required for research.With regard to data sources, the research has mainly used the data published by the Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics, in the annual statistical book with various bulletins, in addition to some studies and economic research, and periodicals and references Arabic and foreign relevant to the subject of research. The most important results are: First: For the water balance in Egypt: 1The Nile water share proved to be the main source for providing Egypt's water resources needs for agriculture and other economic activities. The total share was estimated at 666 billion cubic meters, equivalent to 74.8% of the total volume of water resources available in Egypt amounting to 889.35 billion. During the period (2005 / 2006-2016 / 2017), the Nile River's contribution is not limited to the direct utilization of its water, but it also contributes mainly to the creation of some other tributaries such as agricultural, sanitary and industrial wastewater in Egypt, as well as most of the groundwater especially in the valley. And Delta. 2It was found that there is an increase in water uses in Egypt, where it was found that the total water uses of the water consuming sectors in Egypt amounted to 886.98 billion cubic meters during the period studied by research, and the minimum total water use was about 68.35 billion cubic meters in 2005/2006, The upper limit of the total uses of water consuming sectors in Egypt reached about 80.00 billion cubic meters in 2016/17. 3The water balance achieved a balance during the years 2010/2011, 2015/2016, 2016/2017 in the sense of equal volume of available water resources with the total water uses in Egypt during those years. Second: The agricultural trade balance in Egypt: 1It was found that the value of agricultural exports reached a higher limit in 2017 by about 49886.3 million pounds, and the value of agricultural imports reached its highest value in the same year by about 80562.8 million pounds, and it was found that agricultural exports in Egypt were unable to cover agricultural imports during the period (2005-2017). Thoughtful research. 2The agricultural trade balance recorded a large and growing deficit, which reached about LE (8625.4) million in 2005. This deficit increased year after year until it reached in 2012 amounted to LE (37453.7) million, then the deficit started to decrease until it reached To a deficit amounted to about (9546.6) million pounds in 2015. 3Increasing the deficit in the agricultural trade balance in Egypt during the period studied by research, where it recorded the highest deficit value of about (30676.5) million pounds in 2017

Economic Analysis of the Most Important Agricultural Balances in Egypt التحلیل الاقتصادی لأهم الموازین الزراعیة فی مصر