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The shift of the frequency band assigned for automotive radars from 24 GHz to 79 GHz led to an increased research in the area of design of radars that operate at the new band from 76 to 81 GHz. The antenna plays a key role in the operation of a radar sensor. Designing an antenna that provides high directivity and low side lobe level and at the same time to be small in size and of low manufacturing cost in mass production is a challenging task for researchers. In this work, investigations on Tapered Slot Antenna (TSA) arrays operating at 79 GHz suitable to meet automotive radars demands were carried out. A Fermi-Dirac based TSA was studied parametrically and optimized with the aid of CST microwave studio. The optimized design was fabricated along with its attached feeding structures and shielded housing to suppress unwanted feed radiation. The measurement of reflection coefficient indicated wideband behavior (< -10dB) extending nearly over the whole E-band. Despite its small size (3.75 by 7.5 mm) the antenna showed fairly high gain (≈10 dB). A 4 -element E-plane array was built and a parallel feeding network was optimized to feed the array elements with equal amplitudes and phases. The array was fabricated and measured showing a gain of 13.8 dB and a side lobe level of 14 dB indicating that it is attractive candidate for employment in automotive radar sensors, especially when the number of the array elements is increased. Proceedings of the 8 ICEENG Conference, 29-31 May, 2012 EE131 2

A Novel TSA Array for Automotive Radars at 79 GHz