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Perovskite materials have been shown to be involved in energy conversion and environmental applications. Graphene doped with silver nanoparticle (Ag@G) is designed and synthesized for the first time as p-type dopants in solid-state perovskite solar cells (PSCs) applications. The fabricated nanocomposite was emphasized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). By characterizing the optical and electrochemical properties, graphene doped with silver nanoparticles is eligible for oxidation of N2,N2,N2′,N2′,N7,N7,N7′,N7′-octakis(4-methoxyphenyl)-9,9′-spirobi[9H-fluorene]-2,2′,7,7′-tetramine (Spiro-OMeTAD), the commonly used hole-transport material (HTM). The results revealed that the Ag@G nanocomposite was successfully synthesize. Furthermore, the efficiency of PSCs as high as 10 percent was achieved when the prepared material was applied as a p-type. This could be attributed to the boosting of the charge carrier transfer between the absorbing layer and the fabricated material. Therefore, the fabricated Ag@G nanocomposite is a promising candidate for a solar cell technology as a p-type dopant.

Graphene doped with silver nanoparticle as p-type dopants in efficient perovskite solar cells