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Some drugs especially in high doses can cause hepatitis. Moreover, drug-induced hepatotoxicity is one of the most important causes of mortality and morbidity both in human and some animals [1, 2, 3]. Drug-induced hepatitis can be classified into intrinsic and idiosyncratic types. The intrinsic type such as acetaminophen (paracetamol) toxicity is dose dependent, whereas the idiosyncratic type does not depend directly on dose and is unpredictable [4]. Some studies in United States showed that more than 50% of cases of acute liver failure are caused by drug-induced hepatitis, and more than 75% of idiosyncratic drug reactions undergo liver transplantation or die[5]. In the present study, experimental hepatotoxicity by paracetamol was performed on the broiler chickens. In addition to the importance of hepatotoxicity as a major complication in poultry industry [6, 7], this model can be noticed as an animal model for more research studies. Heat stress as the main cause of hepatic dysfunction in THIS study focused on the effects of Cichorium intybus (Chicory), and Cynara scolymus (Artichoke) in reducing the hepatotoxicity effects of paracetamol in broiler chickens. Eighty four 21-d-old male commercial broilers were randomly allotted to 4 groups (n=21) and treated as follows for 2 weeks: Control group: basal diet alone, paracetamol group: similar to control group, in addition to intraperitoneal (IP) administration of paracetamol as 0.5 mg/ kg of BW on 4th day. Cichorium intybus group: similar to paracetamol group and also daily oral administration of Cichorium intybus as 0.1 % ethanolic extract in drinking water, for 2 weeks. Cynara scolymus group: similar to paracetamol group and oral administration of Cynara scolymus as 0.1 % ethanolic extract in drinking water, for 2 weeks. The SGOT, SGPT, CPK, LDH, Uric acid, Creatinine and GGT serum levels were analyzed on 25th, 27th and 34th days of study. The mortality rates and body weight changes were measured in the end of study. Ethanolic extracts of Cichorium intybus and Cynara scolymu were found to decrease both the mortality rate and body weight loss. Also ethanolic extract of Cichorium intybus exhibited protective lowering effects of the serum enzyme levels, SGOT, GGT and CPK to a significant extent (P<0.05). In conclusion, the results showed the protective activity of Cichorium intybus and Cynara scolymus on paracetamol induced toxicity in broiler chickens. Based on the results in the present study, the ethanolic extract of Cichorium intybus showed significant better hepatoprotective effect as compare to Cynara scolymus.

egyptian journal of veterinary science

Comparison of Hepatoprotective Activity of Cichorium Intybus and Cynara Scolymus Extracts Against Paracetamol Induced Hepatotoxicity in Broiler Chicken