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HIAMINE and pyridoxine were investigated for their capacity to alleviate oxidative damage by copper stress on a local alga (C. vulgaris). Lower levels of Cu induced a slight stimulation in growth criteria (growth rate & dry weight), photosynthetic pigments (0.5μM) and O2-evolution (0.5, 10 μM) of C. vulgaris which were inhibited by high Cu concentrations. In contrast, O2-uptake was retarded at the lower Cu levels then significantly increased by increasing the Cu in algal cultures. Proline, MDA contents, and antioxidant enzyme activity of C. vulgaris markedly increased under Cu stress. On the other hand, addition of thiamine or pyridoxine alleviated the oxidative damage of Cu on C. vulgaris growth and enhanced growth, pigment contents, O2evolution, and antioxidant enzyme activity in the algal cultures compared to reference controls. While O2-uptake, proline content, and lipid peroxidation levels were decreased, thiamine or pyridoxine scavenger systems might be important for supporting the ability of C. vulgaris to resist copper toxicity.

Thiamine and Pyridoxine Alleviate Oxidative Damage by Copper Stress in Green Alga Chlorella vulgaris