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Potassium dichromate, a widely used heavy metal in several industries induces hypofunction and tissue insult of the thyroid gland via oxidative stress. Curcumin; is a natural commonly used spice has a strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.Aim of the work: To investigate the possible protective effect of curcumin on the hypothyroidism induced by potassium dichromate in albino rats.Materials and Methods: Thirty- five adult male albino rats were divided into five groups, 15 rats in group I (control) and 5 rats in each of group II, III, IV and V. Group II (curcumin group) received curcumin orally (100 mg /kg/bw) daily for 4 weeks. Group III (potassium dichromate induced hypothyroidism) received i.p injection of potassium dichromate (2 mg/kg/bw) daily for 2 weeks. Group IV (recovery group) received potassium dichromate as group III then left untreated for another 2 weeks. Group V(curcumin and potassium dichromate group) received curcumin concomitant with potassium dichromate as in groups II and III, respectively daily for 2 weeks and only curcumin was continued for another 2 weeks. T3, T4 and TSH were assessed. Thyroid sections were subjected to toluidine blue, H&E, PAS and PCNA immunohistochemical stains. Morphometric and statistical studies were done.Results: Thyroid tissue insult and hypofunction with significantly decreased T3, T4 and increased TSH were detected in group III. Additionally, there was a significant increase in the mean values of follicular cell height, follicular diameter, mean number of PCNA positive nuclei and a significant decrease in the mean value of area percent of colloid versus group I, II and V with non-significant differences versus group IV. In group V, there was an obvious serological and histological improvement compared to group III and IV.Conclusion: Curcumin had protective effect against hypothyroidism and thyroid tissue damage induced by potassium dichromate.

Histological study on the possible protective effect of curcumin on potassium dichromate induced hypothyroidism in adult male albino rats