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Volume1 Number 1, October 2009 Special Issue: 1st Symposium on Living with Landscapes THE ECOTOURISTIC POTENTIAL OF THE MORPHOLOGIC RESOURCES IN SOME PROTECTED AREAS. CASE STUDIES: Hasmas-cheile Bicazului National Park And Domogled-valea Cernei National Park (The Romanian Carpathians) MIHAELA VERGA1, University of Bucharest, Romania MIOARA CLIUS2, University of Bucharest, Romania Abstract: Protected areas are the territorial units’ most favorable for ecotourism. This is simply because of the opportunities they offer for the kind of economic efficiency associated with the rational exploitation of their resources, optimizing the relationship between the natural landscape and human activities. Relief items, with potential for developing eco-touristic activities, are represented by a variety of forms the most abandant are those with karst origins in national parks such as Hasmas-Cheile Bicazului and Domogled-Valea Cernei. They are also representatives of how morphological resources can be exploited through tourism with low impact on the environment and with consistent contributions to conservation of natural heritage. Introduction The term eco-tourism refers, on the one hand, to a concept based on a number of principles, and on the other hand, pragmatically speaking, to a specific market segment. Eco-tourism, the concept, should have at lEast two dimensions: durability of natural resources and the participation of the local communities in the development of projects [1]. The economic boom of the last few decades has, as one of its worst consequences, shown a massive human impact on the environment particularly on those areas of special natural beauty. This process is also present in Romania – a country which has just entered the European Union (in 2007). This affiliation has obligated the central and local authorities to confer bigger importance and, therefore, funds, to projects of durability management for natural protectorates. Eco-tourism, through its components: protection, education and durable economic development, represents a solution. But this kind of exploitation has to be made only after qualitative and quantitative evaluations of the natural resources themselves as well as identification of the kind of economic activities that are benign enough for the species and the areas protected. The two national parks, Hasmas–Cheile Bicazului and Domogled–Valea Cernei, chosen in this comparative study, are somehow similar in terms of location. They display their scenery exclusively in the mountain area of the Romanian Carpathians. The presence in their boundary of vast karst surfaces, provides high morphologic potential, with important eco-touristic valences, low developed touristic under structure, low accessibility and human pressure, and a high degree of rurality. The high eco-touristic potential is enriched in both national parks with eco-systems that have great scientific values, as well as with climatic characteristics relatively mild for such mountainous spaces, not to mention the attractiveness of their landscapes. All these elements combine in a mosaic of magnificence, to which, of course, the element of natural beauty is also added. Among the main concerns of the parks’ managements, alongside the conservation of biodiversity and the maintenance of natural structure, comes the promotion of ecologic tourism as the main form of economic exploitation for such protected spaces [2]. Background of selected sites The Hasmas – Cheile Bicazului National Park comprises a big part from the surface of Hasmas Mountains, being located in the centre of the East part of the Romanian Carpathians. The park has been built in 1990, but it functions in the actual limits, with a total area of 6.575 ha just from 2003. The major arguments that have justified the constitution of a National Park endorse: • The geologic and geographic originality of

the egyptian journal of environmental change /the egyptian journal of environmental change

THE ECOTOURISTIC POTENTIAL OF THE MORPHOLOGIC RESOURCES IN SOME PROTECTED AREAS. CASE STUDIES: HĂŞMAŞ-CHEILE BICAZULUI NATIONAL PARK AND DOMOGLED-VALEA CERNEI NATIONAL PARK (THE ROMANIAN CARPATHIANS)