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The present study investigates and compares the vermilion red color changephenomenon in an oil painting executed on wood from the 18th century storedat the Archaeological Museum Store of Manial Palace Museum, Cairo and amural painting executed using Tempera from the Greco-Roman Period in adestroyed archeological house next to Medinet Madi Temple, (35kms far fromFayoum city). The vermillion red color may change to dark red, brown, orgrayish-white due to the exposure to the environmental conditions andpollutants, the common role of both light and chlorine as the main factors of reddiscoloration, some impurities in color components, as well as the dissolvedsalts and organic media used in painting. The blackness of the color wasdetected after doing an analytical study to identify the damaged products ofthe vermillion red using different methods of analysis (i.e. microscopy, X-raydiffraction, Energy Dispersive X- rays and Infrared). The change to gray colorin oil paintings due to the presence of the prokovite was associated withcinnabar. In the mural painting, it resulted from the conversion to blackhypercinnabar, not to the resin.

DEGRADATION OF VERMILION RED COLOR IN OIL AND MURAL PAINTINGS: A COMPARATIVE APPLIED STUDY