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Two experiments were carried out to evaluate the dual purpose potential of type-13 Brazilian red propolis extract; i.e. anti-oxidant and anti-microbial capacities, on enhancing short-term chilled preservation of ram semen. A total of 60 ejaculates were collected from five adult Barki rams, 12 ejaculates each, by an artificial vagina twice-weekly during the period from January to February, 2017. After collection and initial evaluation, ejaculates of each collection session were pooled, diluted (1:10) with Tris-citric acid egg yolk extender. In the first experiment, the diluted specimens were split into four aliquots using a split sample technique. The first aliquot served as control (untreated), whereas the other three aliquots were supplemented with 5, 7.5 and 10 μl/mL propolis extract, respectively. All control and supplemented groups were evaluated for sperm physical and morphological traits immediately after dilution (T0), then after 24 (T24) and 48 h (T48) of chilled preservation at 4C. Oxidative stress indices and enzymatic activities in medium throughout preservation period were also determined. In the second trial, microbial contamination throughout a 48 h period of chilled storage was investigated in specimens supplemented with the same previous levels of propolis extract and were compared against control (antibiotic-free) and specimens supplemented with a mixture of synthetic antibiotics; i.e. Penicillin procaine (500 iu/mL) and Streptomycin (500 μg/mL). The results revealed that, over time of storage, positive correlations (P<0.05) were observed between level of propolis in medium and each of sperm motility, viability, intact acrosome, sperm membrane integrity and total antioxidant capacity (r= 0.52, 0.45, 0.48, 0.55 and 0.77, respectively). Contrarily, negative correlations were recorded between propolis level and enzymatic activities of AST and ALP (r= -0.45 and -0.58, respectively). Simultaneously, the control group developed the highest (P<0.05) colony forming unit (CFU) count compared to all semen specimens. These results explicate efficiency of incorporating type-13 Brazilian red propolis extract in the diluent on maintaining sperm traits during chilled preservation. Additionally, our results spotted the light on the possibility of substituting synthetic antibiotics in semen extenders, with all the constraints of their utilization, with type-13 red propolis extract as a sufficient natural alternative.

INFLUENCE OF SUPPLEMENTING SPERM MEDIUM WITH TYPE-13 BRAZILIAN RED PROPOLIS EXTRACT ON CHILLED RAM SEMEN PRESERVATION