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Ameloblastoma is the most frequent odontogenic tumor and is considered a benign, but locally invasive neoplasm with variable clinico-pathological expression. Syndecan-1 is a cell surface proteoglycan that binds cells to the extracellular matrix and is expressed in various types of ameloblastoma. The aims of this study were to evaluate and compare syndecan-1 expression within the various types of ameloblastomas and to find a correlation between this expression and the biological behavior of variants. Immunohistochemical studies were performed for syndecan-1 in 30 ameloblastomas. Follicular ameloblastoma showed the statistically significantly highest mean area percent (32.10%). This was followed by plexiform ameloblastoma which showed lower mean area percentage value (22.02%). Ameloplastic carcinoma showed the statistically significantly lowest mean area percent (11.59%). The present results suggested the down regulation of syndecan-1 expression indicated decreased cell adhesion and higher cell proliferation. (1448) Rahma G. Mostafa and Amr H. Elbolok E.D.J. Vol. 62, No. 2 studied in various types of carcinomas. [5] The loss of expression of SDC1 in malignant epithelial neoplasms is associated with tissue invasion, metastasis, and poor prognosis [4], and appeared to correlate with poor prognosis in stomach, breast, and head and neck neoplasms. [6, 7, 8] The altered expression of SDC1 in ameloblastomas suggests that this cell surface PG could have prognostic value in the determination of the clinical outcome of these lesions, positive SDC-1 expression was associated with cell type and histological differentiation, which acted as a prognostic marker in those lesions. [9] Ameloblastoma is the second most common odontogenic tumor that mostly involves the mandible and maxilla. It is a slow-growing locally invasive epithelial tumor with a high recurrence rate (50%–72%) and rare metastasis (<2). [10, 11] The World Health Organization (WHO) has classified ameloblastoma into the following variants: solid/multicystic ameloblastoma, unicystic ameloblastoma, desmoplastic ameloblastoma and peripheral ameloblastoma, and also divided into follicular, plexiform, acanthomatous, granular types, etc., based on their histological features. The malignant transformation of ameloblastomas results in the formation of ameloblastic carcinomas and malignant ameloblastomas depending on cytological dysplasia and metastasis. [12] The aims of this study were to evaluate and compare SDC1 expression within the various types of ameloblastomas and to find a correlation between this expression and the biological behavior of variants. MATERIAL AND METHODS

SYNDECAN-1 EXPRESSION AND RELATION WITH THE BIOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR OF VARIOUS TYPES OF AMELOBLASTOMAS (AN IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL STUDY)