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Many patients in developing countries in general, and in Egypt in particular, suffer from poor lighting and natural ventilation in hospitals. Although they help a great deal in healing patients and providing a healthy environment on the one hand, and on the other hand, they help doctors to provide a suitable workplace in order to help them to perform their duties towards the patients.  The energy saving in this design. The implementation of natural lighting and ventilation can help a great deal in healing patients and providing a healthy environment for them. And due to their negligence in the design of hospitals in the Arab countries, despite the importance of their application in Western countries. The aim of this research is to investigate the effectiveness of natural lighting and ventilation in hospitals to come out with a set of guidelines and standards for the design of hospitals in general. The research depends on two major parts. The first part: The theoretical study of natural lighting and ventilation as well as their reflection on the health of patients and the performance of doctors in hospitals. In addition, the study of   internal courtyards to provide them with lighting and natural ventilation to a large extent. The second part: the applied study on the hospital of the university children in Mansoura to try to improve the lighting and natural ventilation in hospitals. So, hospitals should be built on the north/south orientation and the west facade should have a low window-to-wall ratio. Then, a theoretical model was made using Fluent Anysis15 program using the equations of the amount of movement, flow and energy to find the rate of ventilation of the places where the courtyards were there, the model was solved and found that the rate of ventilation as a function in the horizontal dimension of the courtyard. This indicates that the most suitable width of the courtyard should be equal to the height of the building.

The Role of Atriums and Courtyards in Improving Natural Light and Ventilation in Hospitals