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Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the most frequent type of diabetes. It is caused by insulin resistance and often combined with symptoms of progressive defect in insulin secretion. Various factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis and complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), of which, immune response and inflammation were suggested to play a role. Objective: To investigate the association of IL-4-590 and IL-13 -1112 genetic polymorphisms with (T2DM) in Egyptian patients. Subjects and Methods: The study included 135 cases with type 2 DM (65 males and 70 females), with a median age of 56 years and 101 healthy unrelated controls from Nile Delta region, Egypt. DNA was extracted by purification Capture column kit supplied by Fermentas, K0721, USA. Polymorphisms of IL-4 -590(C>T) and IL-13 -1112(C>T) genes were characterized using ARMS-PCR technique. Results: The frequency of heterozygous (CT) genotype of IL-4-590 was significantly increased in type 2 diabetic patients compared to the control, CT genotype of IL-131112 was highly significantly increased in diabetic patients compared to control (85.2 vs.66.3, OR=2.9, p=0.001; 76.3 vs.51.5, OR=3' p= 0, respectively). The frequency of the homozygous (CC) genotypes of both IL-4 and IL-13 were significantly lower in type 2 diabetic patients than in the control group (10.4 vs. 26.7, OR=0.32, p=0.002; 20.7 vs 31.7, OR=0.6, p=0.04, respectively). The frequency of CT+TT genotypes of IL-4 gene were higher in patients compared to controls (89.6 vs. 73.3, OR =3.2, P= 0.002).Results did not show any significant difference between allele frequency in diabetic and healthy controls either. Conclusion: Polymorphisms related to IL-4-590 CT and IL-13-1112 CT genotypes may be considered as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus among Egyptian subjects.

Interleukin 4 -590 C>T and Interleukin 13 -1112 C>T Gene Polymorphisms in Relation to the Susceptibility to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Egypt