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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies in developed countries. It occurs via an interaction between an individual genetic background and environmental parameters such as dietary factors. A number of studies have suggested that dietary procarcinogens, such as heterocyclic amines, N-nitroso compounds and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, might be related to the carcinogenesis of CRC. The carcinogens that cause the development of CRC enter the body as procarcinogens via transporters and are activated to carcinogens or eliminated by various enzymes. These toxicokinetic-related proteins are also controlled by our genetic background (e.g. by genetic polymorphisms).Aim of work: To analyze the common genetic polymorphisms in the genes for the metabolic enzymes CYP1A1 in an attempt to elucidate the association between these polymorphisms and sporadic cases of colorectal carcinoma among Egyptian patients. Subjects and Methods: This is a prospective controlled study where we investigated the association between polymorphism of cytochrome P4501A1 (m2) and colorectal cancer using PCR-RFLPS. Over a period of twenty one months, the present study included forty patients with colorectal carcinoma diagnosed by histopathological examination of tumor biopsy and not on chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Twenty healthy subjects, matched for age and sex were included as a control group. For all subjects, peripheral blood samples were assayed for genetic polymorphism of CYP1A1.Results: Our results showed that a statistically significant association existed between CYP1A1 variant genotype (p=0.015 and the odds ratio OR=0.105 with the 95% confidence interval 0.028-0.390) and colorectal cancer. Conclusion: The studied polymorphism may be associated with the risk of development of colorectal carcinoma in Egyptian patients however, large scale studies are essential to confirm that association.

Complex Interplay of CYP1A1 Genetic Polymorphism on Colorectal Cancer Susceptibility