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Influences of in vitro salinity in form of sodium chloride (NaCl) and calcium chloride (CaCl2) on growth and element contents of three grape cultivars (Thompson Seedless, Red Roomy and Beauty Seedless) were investigated. Shoot tip explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 1.0 mg/l benzylaminopurine (BAP). The experiment was conducted with four levels of NaCl (0, 50, 85 and 120 mM) and four levels of CaCl2 (0, 1, 5 and 10 mM) and mixture of both salts with three levels [0, 60 (50 NaCl+10 CaCl2) and 90 (85 NaCl+5 CaCl2) mM]. The results showed that the growth parameters (proliferation, plantlet height, number of leaves, number of nodes, internode length, fresh and dry weight) significantly decreased with increasing NaCl concentrations up to 120 mM compared to the control treatment. However, application of CaCl2 treatments counteracted this inhibitory effect on the growth parameters at 5 mM. CaCl2 supply increased shoot Ca content and decreased shoot Na content. Increasing NaCl and CaCl2 concentrations in the culture medium increased the contents of Na, Ca, whereas K content decreased compared to the control.

Influence of in vitro Salinity on Growth and some Element Contents of Three Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) Cultivars