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Let me begin by the words of the philosopher Santyana “Those who do not learn from history will most inevitably repeat the same mistakes again” since this paper is concerned with the repetitive, eternal conflict in different ages between democracy and autocracy inevitably leading to traumatic consequences. The objective of the proposed paper is doublefold; to explore the timeless conflict between democracy and autocracy as represented in two highly important historical, political icons who had their significant roles in the fates of their respective countries, Coriolanus in ancient Rome and El Badawy in 12century Egypt. Political thinkers on dictators and dictatorship contend that there are certain paradigms which can apply to dictators or autocrats and the making of dictators. Thus the paper will explore the depiction of a would-be autocrat in Coriolanus who seeks to consolidate aristocratic oligarchy, and the contrary representation of the spiritual leader, El Sayed el Badawy whose disciples and followers seek to create of him an infallible, unimpeachable spiritual leader, subtly implying “spiritual absolutism”, in O, My Beloved Country! but, ironically, he is the one who seeks to subvert it. Secondly, to explore the implicit projection of these historical figures on 17 Jacobean England, and a post1967 Egypt political scene.

Consolidation / Resistance to Democracy in Shakespeare’s Coriolanus (1607) and Rashad Rushdy’s O, My Beloved Country(1968)