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Neuroglobin (Ngb) is a neuronal hemeprotein similar to myoglobin and hemoglobin and shares their capability for oxygen binding. Research has shown that Ngb expression in the retina is higher than other neural tissues, and its concentration is about 50-100 times (26). Yu et al. reported that in species with vascularized retina, oxygen is transported to the retina in combination with the choroidal vascular bed, which is located at the back of the retina and is the highest consumer of oxygen (5). Another study confirmed that the ocular tissues in the retina are unique and have the highest rates of oxygen consumption (8). Scientists have studied the expression of Ngb in the retina of rodents and humans (10, 11) and reported significant references about these animals. The expression level of Ngb in the retina is much higher than in the brain tissue (12, 13), suggesting that there exists a close relationship between Ngb and retinal functions. Studies have shown that Ngb is involved in the elimination of reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulation which may play an important role in oxygen homeostasis (14). Further research conducted by Ostoji et al. reported that the expression of Ngb was solely found in the ganglion cell layer, inner nuclear layer, inner and outer plexiform layers, and retinal pigment epithelium but not in the glial, suggesting that Ngb could serve a neuroprotective role as scavengers of reactive oxygen species and developing therapeutic Comparison of neuroglobin distribution and expression between the retina of the adult Bactrian camel, rabbits and sheep1)