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Viruses are chiefly responsible for colony losses globally, and deformed wing virus (DWV), black queen  cell virus (BQCV), and acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV) are the most common viral infections in honeybee  colonies. As Turkey ranks third in the world in terms of bee colonies, honeybees are of great ecological and  economic importance. Thus, the aim of this study was to conduct a phylogenetic analysis of DWV, BQCV,  and ABPV, all of which were detected in the southern city of Burdur, which is located along the route that  migratory bees take and is a dwelling place for them. Phylogenetic trees were constructed for DWV, BQCV,  and ABPV partial nucleotide sequences of the RNA helicase region, the structural polypeptide coding region,  and the capsid protein region, respectively. Burdur DWV1 and DWV14 isolates were highly conserved, with  99-100% similarity, and they also shared 93-100% similarity with isolates from Europe and Korea. The two  Burdur DWVs had 98% similarity. The DWV1 genome was more similar to the other Turkish isolates than the  DWV14. Burdur BQCV2 and BQCV19 isolates, which were highly conserved with 97-99% similarity, formed  the same cluster with other Turkish isolates but excluding the Turkey Koycegiz isolate. Burdur ABPV isolates  were highly conserved with 99% similarity. Although they showed 94-97% similarity with other European  isolates, they were in the same cluster as Turkish isolates. Thus, it was found that although the DWV, BQCV,  and ABPV isolates obtained as a result of the present study were highly conserved, they showed differences in  relation to the DWV, BWCV, and ABPV isolates that were isolated from different geographical regions.

Phylogenetic analysis of deformed wing virus, black queen cell virus and acute bee paralysis viruses in Turkish honeybee colonies