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Atresia is a condition in which an orifice or passage in the body is abnormally closed or absent. The known types of atresia involving the intestines are named after their location. This condition has been adequately described in cattle (9, 11, 12). While atresia ani is believed to be hereditary, atresia coli is a consequence of congenital adverse events and is characterized by complete occlusion of the intestinal lumen due to anomalous development of the intestinal wall. Atresia coli is believed to be a secondary effect of the disruption of fetal intestinal blood supply in the organogenesis period (15, 16). Some authors define the rigorous rectal palpation as a potential risk factor for atresia coli in calves. If not treated, atresia coli can be lethal. Generally, affected calves appear normal at birth. However, clinical symptoms develop soon after they begin drinking milk, with abdominal distension being one of the first symptoms. Furthermore, no feces are passed. Animals become anorexic and increasingly weak and lethargic and eventually show signs of colic a few days after birth (3, 6). Radiographic imaging shows gas-filled intestinal structures and retrograde contrast radiography shows blind ended sacs (15). All untreated animals die, except those with passable rectovaginal fistulae (7). Moreover, chances of complete healing after the surgical treatment of atresia coli have been reported to be poor (9-11). On the other hand, Azizi et al. (4) reported a > 6 month survival rate of 73% for calves with atresia coli treated by colostomy. In the Anatolian region new born calves often die due to atresia coli. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of right paralumbar fossa colostomy on the survival rate of calves with atresia coli maintained under Anatolian farming conditions.

Evaluation of the outcomes of right paralumbar fossa colostomy for type II colonic atresia in calves: a report of 24 cases