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The Turkish Van Cat is one of the most important cat species in the world, and it has come under protection in recent years, as the number of these animals is decreasing each year. Van Cats are a great asset for Turkey and the Van province. They are known for their different eye colours, amiability, white silky fur and interest in water (28). Cryptosporidium species are parasites in the Apicomplexa branch of the protozoa that settle in the human and animal gastrointestinal system and respiratory tract. Cryptosporidium species can infect at least 79 animal species, such as humans, farm animals, birds, reptiles and fish (25). They are commonly observed in childhood, during pregnancy and in immune-compromised individuals, such as AIDS patients. (34). Cryptosporidiosis infections have been reported in 106 countries (13). This parasite has two different genotypes: genotype 1 causes infections in humans only, and genotype 2 causes infections in both humans and animals. The species involved in human infections are C. muris, C. parvum, C. hominis, C. felis and C. canis. Consumption of oocyst-contaminated food or water and direct contact with infected animals or humans cause acute gastroenteritis and diarrhoea in healthy children, but Cryptosporidium parasites can also cause a chronic and life-threatening disease in immunocompromised individuals with AIDS and in malnourished children (2, 15, 17). Cryptosporidium felis is a cat-specific pathogenic species, which is also found in humans (1, 7, 9, 18). Primarily microscopic and molecular methods have been used to identify Cryptosporidiosis, which has been scrutinized extensively in recent years and hypothesised to be zoonotic in infected humans and animals (19, 30). However, techniques such as IFAT, ELISA and biopsy of infected tissues have also been used. Although different material could be used for the above-mentioned methods, studies demonstrated that the most effective method for diagnosing the disease was faecal screening (11, 31). The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique was used for the first time in 1991 to identify Cryptosporidium oocysts. (22). This Determination of Cryptosporidium spp. in Van cats by nested PCR1)