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The species of wild boar (Sus scrofa L.), which is widespread in Europe, Asia and North Africa, includes about 27 subspecies (7). Lithuania is the habitat of the Central European wild boar (Sus scrofa scrofa). As the ancestor of the domestic pig, the wild boar can mate reciprocally with the pig to give prolific progeny (18), with both swine and wild boar carrying 38 chromosomes (35). However, these animals may have some hereditary defects or diseases, such as stress sensitivity and osteochondrosis. Thus far, studies of these disorders and their influencing genes have mostly been carried out on domestic pigs, with wild boars only recently receiving increased attention. Chromosome 6 (SSC6) of the domestic pig and the wild boar contains the ryanodine receptor 1 (RYR1) gene, also known as the halothane (HAL) gene or the calcium release channel (CRC) gene (12). Mutation in the RYR1 gene (transition of nucleotide/allele C to nucleotide/allele T at position 1843, which leads to the replacement of the amino acid arginine with cysteine at position 615) is associated with porcine stress syndrome (PSS), also known as malignant hyperthermia (MH). PSS/MH is a monogenic autosomal recessive hereditary disorder that leads to changed membrane characteristics in skeletal muscle fibres, more specifically to an increased release of calcium ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum as a response to different stress factors (6, 11, 32). Individual animals with the RYR1 C and T alleles combination are divided into three genotypes: CC – dominant homozygotes (stress-resistant), CT – heterozygotes (stress-resistant carriers), and TT – recessive homozygotes (stress-susceptible). RYR1/CC, RYR1/CT and RYR1/TT allelic pairs were associated with the halothane genotypes NN, Nn and nn, respectively (34). There have been several studies to determine the prevalence of the RYR1 mutation in wild boars. Mostly wild boars with the CC genotype (stress-resistant) have been reported (8, 21, 26, 40), while only isolated cases of wild boars with CT and TT genotypes have been identified (1, 4). Investigations of the stress-susceptibility of domestic pigs in Lithuania have been carried out (16), but the results of analogous studies on wild boars in the same territory have not yet been published. Osteochondrosis (OC) is a degenerative disease of bone and cartilage tissues that occurs not only in humans, but also in many species of domestic animals, such as pigs (13, 15, 17, 20, 37, 39), horses (24), cattle (31), dogs (3), cats (30), and poultry (14). OC in animals has been documented in various joints, but its severity can be vary. The incidence of OC is highest in the distal femur and humerus condyles, which leads Analysis of the stress (RYR1) gene and osteochondrosis in wild boars in Lithuania