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Paratuberculosis, also known as Johne’s disease (JD), is a chronic granulomatous enteric disease afflicting cattle, sheep, goats and other ruminants, both domestic and wild. The disease is caused by the Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP), an acid-resistant, slow-growing microorganism of the Mycobacterium avium complex. Infection usually takes place in young animals (≤ 6 months of age) (2, 15, 39), and the clinical symptoms of the disease usually appear in older animals (4, 12, 20, 33). The full clinical picture of the disease appears only in a low number of cows in a herd (19). Paratuberculosis occurs much more frequently in a subclinical form, whose course comprises two stages: first, in which the infected cows do not excrete mycobacteria, and the second, in which shedding of mycobacteria is present (21). Mycobacteria are excreted with faeces, colostrum and milk, by both animals with symptoms of JD and by those infected but without disease symptoms. Diagnosis of the disease is difficult owing to its long period of incubation (4, 9) and depending on the severity of clinical symptoms, potential excretion of the mycobacterium to the environment, and the possibility of detecting the disease with contemporarily known methods. Calves acquire the infection mainly through the oral route, especially from manure and environmental contamination by infected adult cattle (32). An important infection factor is also colostrum and milk of infected animal origin. Calves born to MAP positive dams have a higher infection risk due to the possibility of in-utero transmission and due to contact with infectious faeces and uptake of infectious colostrum at parturition. (25, 36). Oral inoculation of calves has generally resulted in a subclinical form of the disease and very rarely resulted in a clinical form. It was generally assumed Occurrence of faecal shedding of Mycobacterium avium subs. paratuberculosis by calves*)