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Feline mammary fibroadenomatous change (FMFAC) (also known as mammary hypertrophy, mammary hyperplasia, mammary dysplasia, fibroadenoma complex, fibroepithelial hyperplasia or fibroglandular mammary hypertrophy) is a non-neoplastic condition that was first described in 1973 (1). It is characterized by proliferation of interlobular ducts and periductal stromal cells of one or more mammary glands of young and adult queens (7, 29). Clinically, FMFAC is characterized by a rapid and massive increase in size of one or multiple mammary glands, which appear swollen and tense (14, 20, 34, 35). The fibroadenomatous change is generally nonpainful, dome-shaped and firm. In some chronic cases the primary FMFAC may co-exist with mastitis or ulceration (2). Moreover, when severe swelling of the mammary glands develops, locomotor problems may arise (34). Histologically, an increase in size of mammary glands is characterized by proliferation of ductal epithelial cells and marked oedema as well as increased amounts of connective tissue surrounding the glands (1, 20, 35). The proportions of epithelial and connective tissue are variable within the lesion. The stroma can be loose, densely cellular and disorganized or less cellular, compact and collagenous, separating mammary lobules. The branching ductal structures are lined by two to several layers of cuboidal to columnar epithelial cells, in some cases with marked cellular atypia similar to that observed in atypical hyperplasia. Mitotic figures are commonly found both in the epithelium and the stroma (1, 13, 27). The lesion is unique to the Progesterone receptor expression and proliferative activity in relation to histological architecture of feline mammary fibroadenomatous change