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The main purpose of the work described in this paper was to develop a new lighting design technique to help create a pleasant or comfortable residential living room. Subjective appraisal was studied, using the semantic differential method in order to develop a method for systematizing psychological and physical lighting factors. In this paper psychological factors are classified into two groups, the scale of like/dislike and other scales representing consistent mood of subject impression due to living room lighting. Subjects evaluated the impressions they got from computer graphic drawings that simulated the lighting environment of living room. Numerical values of data was processed by correlation analysis between like/dislike and other scales, and yielded the following results: Scales such as relaxed/active, soft/hard and high-grade/low-grade affected like/dislike in order of strongness of effect. Physical lighting factors such as wideness of local lightings, those number and luminance contrast affected relaxed/active in order of strongness of effect. The followings were important for making relaxed atmosphere. Luminaire on the ceiling should light toward local area rather than general area on floor. Living room should not have many luminaires. Luminance contrast should be neither too high nor too low, and a low color temperature is better than a high color temperature.

Systematization of psychological and physical lighting factors by subjective appraisal of the lighted environment in the residential living room