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The aims of this study were to study the biochemical metabolism alterations generated by saline stress in two cowpea cultivars: BRS Guariba (moderately tolerant) and BR3 Tracuateua (sensitive), and to investigate the action of brassinosteroid in attenuation of oxidative stress. The results for water content and damage index in cell membranes were similar. Plants with 24-Epibrassinolide hormone maintained their water content satisfactory and without any membrane extravasation, whereas, for plants with salinity these variables decreased considerably. The results showed that salinity increased sodium (Na + ) contents and reduced potassium (K + ) content, which caused water increases allowing a higher dilution of sodium ions (Na + ), avoiding cellular toxicity. The antioxidant defense system of these plants (catalase, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, and guaiacol peroxidase) were activated mainly in characterization of salt stress, increasing their concentrations trying to avoid toxicity. The association of brassine and salinity caused reduction of lipid peroxidation characterized by malondialdehyde variable. These results corroborated the efficacy of the brassine hormone in cowpea plants under saline stress, characterizing as a plant plasticity.

Effect of brassinoesteroid hormone on oxidants activity of two contrasting cowpea cultivars subjected to saline stress