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Seed germination depends on internal and external factors relating to the seed but the whole process will normally occur if there are no restrictions during the stages of germination. So, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the viability and the vigor of pitaya seed under different pH levels. A completely randomized design was employed under a 3 × 13 factorial design [pitaya genotypes: Hylocereus undatus (white pitaya); H. undatus x H. costaricensis (pitaya hybrid I), and H. costaricensis x H. undatus (pitaya hybrid II), and pH levels: 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5, 7.0, 7.5, 8.0, 8.5, and 9.0], with four replications. The solutions of pH levels were prepared with distilled water added by hydrochloric acid (HCl) and/or sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and measured with the aid of pH meter. In order to conduct the germination test, 50 seeds were used per repetition, arranged in polystyrene boxes (Gerbox ® type) lined with blotter paper and moistened with solutions referring to pH. The experiment was conducted in germinators with photoperiod of 12h and constant temperature of 25oC. The variables evaluated were percentage of germination (PG), germination speed index (GSI), and mean germination time (MGT). The data pertaining to PG were fitted to a almost-binomial model and the data pertaining to GSI and MGT were fitted to linear regression models. Hylocereus spp. seeds are sensitive to pH changes of the substrate. The pH levels lower than 4.5 damaged the viability and the vigor of pitaya seed, while the pH range between 6.0 and 7.5 is favorable for the germination process.

Pitaya genotypes (Hylocereus spp.) seed germination at different pH levels based on statistical models