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'Fusarium oxysporum' f.sp. 'radicis-lycopersici' (Forl) is one of the most destructive necrotrophic pathogens affecting tomato crops, causing considerable field and greenhouse yield losses. The use of resistant cultivars is a safe, non-contaminating and reliable control method to eradicate or mitigate this disease. However, it is still necessary to determine the best inoculum density, sufficient to induce levels of resistance or susceptibility. In this study, inoculum concentrations of 3, 5 and 8 x 106 microconidia per mL of 'Forl' were evaluated by root immersion and seed spraying in twenty tomato genotypes (Solanum spp.) in a completely randomized design. The germplasm was mainly introduced tomato species from the Genetic Resources Program of the University of California at Davis, USA. The inoculation was done by immersion of roots and by sprinkling of seeds at the time of sowing. For the inoculation by immersion of roots, tomato seedlings of 15 days emergence were used. The wounds were created in root tips then they submerged into the each conidial suspension. Finally, they transplanted into the plastic pots in a greenhouse. Regarding the inoculation by sprinkling of the seed, 20 seeds of each genotype were placed in plastic pots then sprayed with the corresponding conidial suspension. In both cases, the disease index was calculated. This allowed classifying the genotypes as resistant and susceptible. With the root immersion method all the genotypes evaluated showed susceptible. Significant differences were observed (p<=0.01) between genetic materials at different inoculum doses with the inoculation of seeds. This allowed classification of genotypes Solanum parviflorum LA 1326, 'Solanum chesmanii' f. minor LA1401, 'Solanum chmielewskii' LA1306, 'Solanum pimpinellifolium' LA722, 'Solanum pimpinellifolium' LA2184 as resistant to 'Forl' with disease index of 3, 4, 5, 8 and 12% respectively, at a inoculum concentration of 3x106 microconidia per mL. These genotypes could be included in a genetic breeding program for resistance to crown and root rot caused by 'Forl'.

Inoculation methods and conidial densities of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis lycoperici in tomato