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The antifungal activity of fungi with biocontrol potentials should be studied. Therefore, this study aimed at establishing alternative agent to replace the chemical control of papaya black spot. We investigated the antagonistic activity of the fungi 'Hansfordia pulvinata' (H-611), 'Acremonium sp' (A-602, A-617 and A-598), 'Simplicillium lanosoniveum' (S-599), 'Lecanicillium lecanii' (L-622), and 'Sarocladium implicatum' (I-609) on the phytopathogenic fungus 'A. caricae', by evaluating the mycoparasitism, the enzymatic activity and the production of volatile and non-volatile compounds. For the evaluation of mycoparasitism, each antagonic fungi isolate was microcultured along with conidia of 'A. caricae'. Then, events of mycoparasitism were evaluated at 24h, 48h, 72h, and 96h after inoculation under an optical microscope. We estimated the enzymatic activity (protease and lipase) of the fungi in a particular culture medium for each enzyme. The activity of the protease was reflected in the mean diameter of the halo. The lipase activity was measured by the halo/colony relation. In order to detect volatile compounds in the antibiosis test, A. caricae was cultured under a medium along with the isolates described. For the test of non-volatile compounds, we evaluated the germination of A. caricae in culture medium by diffusion under cellophane paper. As a result, the mycoparasitism of the H-611, A-602, A-617, A-598, S-599, and L-622 isolates was confirmed on the microcultures. We observed higher activities of protease in the I-609, S-599, A-602, and A-598 isolates. The H-611 and A-602 isolates presented higher activities for lipase. We did not observe effect of volatile compounds in any of the tested isolates. In the non-volatile compound test, there was production of antifungal metabolite highlighting the A-617 isolate, which inhibited the germination of the conidia of 'A. cariae' by 100%.

Antagonism of fungi with biocontrol potential of papaya black spot caused by Asperisporium caricae